existence is purified of this vice. This is so critical that it is narrated from Imam Ali A. S. inIslamic educational instructions:

«لا يَصْلُحُ الْكَذِبُ جِدٌّ وَ لا هَزْلٌ وَ لا انْ يَعِدَ احَدُكُمْ صَبِيَّهُ ثُمَّ لا يَفِي لَهُ» ..

Lying is not proper, either for joke or seriously, and also it isnot proper that one of you give a promise to his child, and then do not fulfill it.. [1]

It goes without saying that if parents are accustomed totruthfulness( even in giving small promises to their children ), their child will never be a liar.

Lie in exceptional cases

The great jurists and ethic scholars following the traditions narrated in this respect, have mentioned some cases as exceptional from lie judgment, and have summarized some of them in two subjects:" exigency" and" reconciliation among people".

It is narrated in a tradition from the Prophet S. A.:

«احْلِفْ بِاللَّهِ كاذِباً وَ نَجِّ اخاكَ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ» ..

Swear falsely and save your innocent brother from death!. [2]

Herein, two points are notable: First, all cases of exception actually return to one subject thatlie is only permitted for more important expedien tsovershadowing its disadvantages, and of course, this is notrestricted to" truthfulness" and" falsehood". Rather otherforbidden things such as" eating carrion"," eating unclean food"," orphan molestation" and such like are permitted for survival or

[1]HorreAmeli ,VassaeloShiite ,775 /8

[2]HorreAmeli ,VassaeloShiite ,431 /61